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Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycaemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. The disease has been recognized for more than 3,500 years, since its early description in 1552 BC in Papyrus of Ebers from Egypt.

Type 1 diabetes is an absolute deficiency of insulin secretion, which results from the body’s immune system attacking insulin producing islet cells.

Type 2 diabetes results from a combination of resistance to insulin action and inadequate insulin release. About 95% of the incidence of diabetes is Type 2, which is strongly associated with obesity and lack of physical activity. Another type of diabetes is called gestational diabetes, which occurs in pregnancy and shares similar features toType 2 Diabetes.

There is no cure for diabetes, but managing your diabetes well will help you prevent or delay complications. Balancing the food you eat with exercise and medicine (if prescribed) will help you control your weight and can keep your blood glucose in the healthy range. People diagnosed early with Type 2 diabetes have a chance to manage the condition with lifestyle changes, which include a healthy diet, weight loss, and exercise.

There is no cure for diabetes, but managing your diabetes well will help you prevent or delay complications. Balancing the food you eat with exercise and medicine (if prescribed) will help you control your weight and can keep your blood glucose in the healthy range. People diagnosed early with Type 2 diabetes have a chance to manage the condition with lifestyle changes, which include a healthy diet, weight loss, and exercise.

There is no cure for diabetes, but managing your diabetes well will help you prevent or delay complications. Balancing the food you eat with exercise and medicine (if prescribed) will help you control your weight and can keep your blood glucose in the healthy range. People diagnosed early with Type 2 diabetes have a chance to manage the condition with lifestyle changes, which include a healthy diet, weight loss, and exercise.

Diabetes is a chronic disease, which occurs when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin, or when the body can’t effectively use the insulin it produces. Insulin is a hormone that regulates blood sugar. Raised blood sugar (hyperglycaemia) is a common effect of uncontrolled diabetes. Over time uncontrolled diabetes leads to serious damage to many of the body's systems, especially the nerves and blood vessels.

It has been scientifically proven that obesity dramatically increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. In the UK the number of obese adults is forecast to rise by 73% over the next 20 years, resulting in more than a million extra cases of type 2 diabetes, heart disease and cancer. Experts are now saying that very small changes to our lifestyle and levels of activity could be the key to reducing this escalating disease.